> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.cournot.ai/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.cournot.ai/overview/the-oracle-evolution/oracle-1.0-data-feed.md).

# Oracle 1.0: Data Feed

Traditional oracles provide predefined data feeds for specific use cases: crypto prices, equities, weather, and other structured data. A price oracle answers a fixed question ("What is the ETH/USD price?") and delivers it securely on-chain.This model is reliable and has enabled the first generation of DeFi and Web3 applications:

* Lending and borrowing protocols
* Derivatives and perpetuals
* Stablecoins
* Automated trading strategies
* Basic RWA applications

### The Limitation

The model is static. Every new data requirement demands a new feed, a new transformation, or a new integration: One requirement → One feed → One integration.

This works when the number of questions is small and well-defined. It breaks down when applications need to ask thousands of different questions over the same underlying data, or when the questions themselves are described in natural language rather than predefined schemas.

### What Oracle 1.0 Unlocks

Cournot supports standard Oracle 1.0 services as the base layer of the stack:

|        **Vertical**       |                      **What It Enables**                     |                                      **Example**                                     |
| :-----------------------: | :----------------------------------------------------------: | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: |
|          **DeFi**         |           Price feeds for core financial primitives          |         Spot price oracles for lending, derivatives, stablecoins, AMM pricing        |
| **Gaming & Collectibles** | Verifiable Random Functions (VRF) for provably fair outcomes |   Fair NFT minting, loot box mechanics, random trait assignment, tournament seeding  |
|  **Parametric Insurance** |     Structured data triggers from authoritative endpoints    | Earthquake magnitude, wind speed, rainfall thresholds from official weather stations |
|         **Sports**        |     Final scores and match outcomes from structured APIs     |   Match results, player statistics, league standings for sports betting settlement   |
|         **TradFi**        |                     Standard market data                     |                  Equity close prices, FX rates, commodity benchmarks                 |

These are solved problems at Oracle 1.0; reliable, well-understood, and necessary as the foundation for everything above.